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93 lines
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93 lines
2.6 KiB
Markdown
% toki pona page 3 - verbs and objects
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% /dev/urandom
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% 2020-03-15
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The vocabulary for this page:
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| word | meaning |
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|-------|----------------------------------|
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| e | (specifies an object) |
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| ijo | thing, object |
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| ilo | tool, machine, device |
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| lipu | book, document, paper |
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| lukin | eye, to look, to see, to seek to |
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| olin | love, compassion, affection |
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| pali | to do, to work, to make, labor |
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| pana | to give, to send, to emit |
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| telo | water, fluid, to water, to clean |
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| tomo | home, room, structure |
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To add a verb to the sentence, use the following structure:
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> [noun] li [verb]
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For example,
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> mije li pali. - A man is working. / A man works.
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Both the noun and the verb can have adjectives added after it. If added after a
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verb, the adjective functions as an adverb.
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> jan wawa li pali pona. - A strong person is working well.
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> %warning%
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> There is no way to determine whether a word in such a sentence is an
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> adjective or a verb. For example, the phrase "mi moku" can mean either "I am
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> eating" or "I am food".
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> %info%
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> Verbs don't have any tense information in them. A way to specify time will be
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> explained in a later page.
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To add an object -- the thing that the verb applies to -- use the particle "e"
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for a following structure:
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> [subject] li [verb] e [object]
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> jan wawa li pali e tomo. - A strong person is (building/working on) a house.
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Objects can also have adjectives added to them.
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> jan pali li pana e moku pona. - A worker gives out good food.
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Here are some sentences:
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> jan pona mi li pona e ilo lukin. - My friend is (improving/fixing) a looking
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> instrument (glasses, binoculars, microscope, etc.).
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> mi telo e moku. - I clean the food.
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> mi olin e meli mi. - I love my wife.
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> %warning%
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>
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> Since the word "lukin" itself describes the act of seeing someone, rather than
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> their appearance, complimenting someone on the latter would usually be expressed
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> as:
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>
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> > sina pona lukin. - You look good (are "good visually").
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>
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## Exercises
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Now, try to figure out the meaning of these sentences.
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* jan lili li pana e telo lukin.
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* ona li lukin e lipu.
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* soweli ike li utala e meli.
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* jan utala li moku e kili suli.
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* soweli lili li moku e telo.
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* mi telo e ijo suli.
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And try to translate the following sentences into toki pona.
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* She loves every person.
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* The bathroom ("house of water") is good.
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* I hand out documents.
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* An evil warrior is looking at your house.
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* My tools are working well.
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[Answers](answers.html#p3)
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[Previous page](2.html) [Top page](index.html) [Next page](4.html)
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