mirror of
https://github.com/mrrpnya/lipu-sona.git
synced 2025-02-13 16:44:39 +00:00
216 lines
9.4 KiB
Markdown
216 lines
9.4 KiB
Markdown
% lipu sona pona (toki pona course)
|
|
% /dev/urandom
|
|
% 2020-03-17
|
|
|
|
| Translations /<br>ante toki | Last update /<br>tenpo pi ante sin | Author / jan pali |
|
|
|:--------------------------------:|:----------:|:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------:|
|
|
| [Deutsch / toki Tosi](de) | 2023-08-13 | [Ret "jan Ke Tami" Samys](https://janketami.wordpress.com), Murdock |
|
|
| [Español / toki Epanja](es) | 2024-09-02 | Aaron Rodriguez |
|
|
| [Esperanto / toki Epelanto](eo) | 2022-07-06 | acreativename41, jan Pensa, soweli suno (Eriko) |
|
|
| [Polski / toki Posuka](pl) | 2021-10-13 | p0-12,x1,x2: Maksymilian Król (jan Otele),<br>p13: Alicja / jan Alise (filiżanka#4087) |
|
|
| [Português / toki Potuke](pt) | 2023-06-17 | jan Alise - Alice de Paula |
|
|
| [Русский / toki Losi](ru) | 2022-05-22 | jan Lentan |
|
|
| [中文 / toki Sonko](zh) | 2024-02-21 | p0: jan Sose, p1-13: jan Mosi |
|
|
|
|
This is a series of pages comprising an attempt at an unofficial educational
|
|
course about *toki pona*, a constructed language originally designed in 2001 and
|
|
then gradually revised over the years by Sonja Lang.
|
|
|
|
The language is designed around the ideas of minimalist design and simplifying
|
|
one's thoughts by breaking down complicated ideas into their basic components.
|
|
It only uses 120 "official words" (with a few additional ones being
|
|
sometimes used by the community), has an incredibly simple grammar and uses few
|
|
sounds that are hard to confuse.
|
|
|
|
As a result, the language is considered to be incredibly easy to learn, with
|
|
some people claiming to be able to read it after only days and achieving fluency
|
|
within a week or two.
|
|
|
|
However, with that simplicity also come limitations. Many words have multiple
|
|
meanings, and some phrases or sentences are ambiguous without context.
|
|
Expressing many concepts and ideas in toki pona will require one to come up with
|
|
their own phrases or rephrase them completely (which, as mentioned before, is
|
|
part of the language's idea).
|
|
|
|
Speaking of context, toki pona is a very context-sensitive language. Different
|
|
people may describe the same basic ideas or things in completely different ways.
|
|
This is also part of the language's idea. Even some of the rules of the language
|
|
are also interpreted differently by different people, whether depending on what
|
|
their native language is or their opinions on what's the best way to communicate
|
|
something.
|
|
|
|
In addition, toki pona is also designed to be easy to use regardless of one's
|
|
native language. The sounds and syllable structure used in toki pona are
|
|
distinct from one another and common across many languages, whereas the
|
|
vocabulary features words borrowed from many languages across the world.
|
|
|
|
# About this course
|
|
|
|
There are several good sources for learning toki pona available already. The
|
|
most important (and best, in my opinion), is the [**official toki pona
|
|
book**](https://tokipona.org/) (also known as "pu") published in 2014 by Sonja
|
|
Lang herself. It is not free, but it's a well-written book with lots of
|
|
additional texts to read, and it explains the language very well.
|
|
|
|
A fun video course is jan Misali's
|
|
["12 days of sona pi toki pona"](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4L-dvvng4Zc)
|
|
series on YouTube. It covers the entire language in 12 short videos, each
|
|
featuring 10 words from the official dictionary (psst: the structure of my pages
|
|
is inspired by it.)
|
|
|
|
Previously, the online course "o kama sona e toki pona!" ("learn toki pona!") by
|
|
Bryant Knight (aka "jan Pije") served as another important learning resource.
|
|
Before being retired by its creator, it was one of the earliest toki pona pages
|
|
available online. As a result, it had some differences in how it used certain
|
|
words. The earlier versions of the course have also attracted some controversy
|
|
over including several rather bigoted statements and texts in their content.
|
|
|
|
My goal here is to try and present a version that tries to account for the
|
|
different ways people speak and write toki pona and the way it is being used
|
|
now. Some pages will include "Stylistic differences" sections, in which these
|
|
differences will be covered. Some of the larger differences will be described
|
|
right away. I will provide my personal opinions on some of these differences, so
|
|
while this course does try to be exhaustive, it is not impartial.
|
|
|
|
The page numbered zero will provide basic info on the language's spelling and
|
|
pronunciation, and each page past that will introduce 10 words from the
|
|
language's 120 word dictionary.
|
|
|
|
## Table of Contents
|
|
|
|
### Course pages
|
|
|
|
* [page 0 - spelling and pronunciation](en/0)
|
|
|
|
* [page 1 - basic sentences](en/1)
|
|
|
|
* [page 2 - adjectives](en/2)
|
|
|
|
* [page 3 - verbs and objects](en/3)
|
|
|
|
* [page 4 - oh no! more vocabulary](en/4)
|
|
|
|
* [page 5 - this and that](en/5)
|
|
|
|
* [page 6 - prepositions and locations](en/6)
|
|
|
|
* [page 7 - interjections, questions, commands and names](en/7)
|
|
* [page 7a - more about making unofficial words](en/7a)
|
|
|
|
* [page 8 - colorful language](en/8)
|
|
|
|
* [page 9 - complex adjectives and contexts](en/9)
|
|
|
|
* [page 10 - pre-verbs and time](en/10)
|
|
|
|
* [page 11 - numbers](en/11)
|
|
|
|
* [page 12 - the final countdown](en/12)
|
|
|
|
* [page 13 - special dictionary edition](en/13)
|
|
|
|
### Extra pages
|
|
|
|
* [extra page 1 - old and new words](en/x1)
|
|
* [description of some of these words in toki pona](nimi_pi_pu_ala/)
|
|
|
|
* [extra page 2 - other writing systems](en/x2)
|
|
* [sitelen pona](en/sitelen_pona)
|
|
|
|
* [dictionary](en/dictionary)
|
|
|
|
* [my personal style](personal_style/)
|
|
|
|
* [credits and acknowledgements](credits/)
|
|
|
|
* [original works and translations by jan Lentan](lentan)
|
|
|
|
<!-- This Google Docs page is unmaintained and should not be shown to users! -->
|
|
<!-- If you would like to bring it up to date, please reach out. -->
|
|
<!--
|
|
### Alternative versions
|
|
|
|
* [Google Docs version](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1uZ-OqpATrjJwCRRvKLEoT16mphES4Id_za_gHmrtEQ4/edit?usp=sharing)
|
|
-->
|
|
|
|
## Learn more
|
|
|
|
* [sona pona](https://sona.pona.la), a wiki about toki pona and its community.
|
|
|
|
* [linku.la](https://linku.la/) / [nimi.li](https://nimi.li/),
|
|
an interactive dictionary.
|
|
|
|
* Words are grouped by how many speakers embrace a given word (ranging from
|
|
widely accepted words to one-person creations). When learning the language,
|
|
use "core, common".
|
|
* The "uncommon, obscure, sandbox" categories include more injokes and
|
|
personal experiments -- they are nice to be aware of, but you won't need to
|
|
use them in regular conversations.
|
|
|
|
* [lipamanka's semantic spaces dictionary](https://lipamanka.gay/essays/dictionary),
|
|
explaining toki pona content words in depth.
|
|
|
|
* [ilo Muni](https://ilo.muni.la/), an ngrams viewer
|
|
similar to [Google Ngrams](https://books.google.com/ngrams/).
|
|
Good for learning about how toki pona usage changed over time.
|
|
|
|
* [Jonathan Gabel's lessons](https://jonathangabel.com/toki-pona)
|
|
teach "sitelen sitelen", a rather ornamental-looking (if uncommon
|
|
in general usage) writing system for toki pona.
|
|
|
|
* learn [luka pona](https://luka.pona.la/), a sign language designed
|
|
to be used in the toki pona community.
|
|
|
|
## Immerse yourself
|
|
|
|
* read [lipu tenpo](https://liputenpo.org), a toki pona magazine
|
|
|
|
* listen to [kalama sin](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLjOmpMyMxd8Qs2mAXcLk817tQy_AQj09u), a podcast in toki pona
|
|
|
|
<!--
|
|
Currently links to a suno pi toki pona music playlist.
|
|
In the future, it would be good to have a permanent link
|
|
for high quality music.
|
|
-->
|
|
* listen to [toki pona music](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLeCE5N29ioyUbj_lvYm9IdGJnE2HPacVv)
|
|
|
|
<!--
|
|
As of 2024, kulupu Lapo is an ongoing project to pool toki pona literature
|
|
into one readily accessible place. The project is in its earliest stages and
|
|
does not warrant being shown here. Hopefully eventually that changes.
|
|
-->
|
|
* read [stories in toki pona](https://sona.pona.la/wiki/Literature),
|
|
some of which were submitted in [writing contests](https://utala.pona.la)
|
|
|
|
## Join communities
|
|
|
|
* [ma pona pi toki pona](https://discord.gg/mapona) Discord server,
|
|
the largest active toki pona community
|
|
|
|
* [kama sona](https://discord.gg/ChC6qtVsSE), a beginner-oriented Discord server
|
|
|
|
* [r/tokipona](https://reddit.com/r/tokipona) on Reddit
|
|
|
|
* [Facebook group](https://www.facebook.com/groups/sitelen)
|
|
|
|
* If you would rather join a smaller community,
|
|
[check here](https://sona.pona.la/wiki/Communities)!
|
|
|
|
You may also check out [recommendations](/recs_2021/) from jan Lentan in 2020-2021!
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"><img
|
|
alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0"
|
|
src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/3.0/88x31.png" /></a><br />This work
|
|
is licensed under a <a rel="license"
|
|
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/">Creative Commons
|
|
Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License</a>.
|
|
|
|
<a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"><img
|
|
alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0"
|
|
src="https://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-sa/4.0/88x31.png" /></a><br />This work
|
|
is licensed under a <a rel="license"
|
|
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons
|
|
Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License</a>.
|
|
|