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97 lines
2.8 KiB
Markdown
97 lines
2.8 KiB
Markdown
% toki pona page 2 - adjectives
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% /dev/urandom
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% 2020-03-15
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The vocabulary for this page:
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| word | meaning |
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|---------|----------------------------------|
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| ala | no, not, zero |
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| ale/ali | all, everything, universe |
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| utala | fight, battle, challenge |
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| wawa | strong, powerful |
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| suwi | sweet, cute, adorable |
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| jan | person, people, humanity |
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| mama | parent, ancestor, creator, origin|
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| meli | woman, female, feminine, wife |
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| mije | man, male, masculine, husband |
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| moku | food, to eat |
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To define subjects and adjectives more clearly, you can add extra words as
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adjectives. In toki pona, an adjective that modifies a noun stands after the
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noun in question. This is unlike English, where adjectives go before nouns, but
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similar to French. So, for example:
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> jan wawa -- strong person
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Many of the nouns covered before can also function as adjectives. For example,
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the pronouns "mi", "sina" and "ona" can serve as possessives.
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> mama mi -- my parent
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> soweli sina -- your animal
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> moku ona -- his/her/their food
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In addition, adjectives can function as nouns:
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> wawa sina -- your strength
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> suli ona -- his/her/their greatness/size
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> %info%
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> Of note is the phrase "jan pona", which literally means "good person", but is
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> widely (and officially) accepted to also mean "friend".
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Several adjectives can be added at once:
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> soweli lili suwi -- cute pet ("little animal")
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Here are some example sentences that demonstrate this:
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> mama mi li pona. - My parents are good.
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> kili suwi li moku pona. - Sweet fruits are good food.
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> jan utala li wawa. - The warrior ("fighting person") is strong.
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> jan lili mi li suwi. - My children ("young people") are cute.
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> soweli lili li wawa ala. - Little animals are not strong.
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> %warning%
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> It is worth noting that the particle "li" is only removed if the subject is
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> just the word "mi" or "sina". If it has any adjectives added to it, then the
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> particle is used.
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>
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> sina pona. - You are good.
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>
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> sina ale li pona. - All of you ("you all") are good.
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>
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> %info%
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> In addition to "mije" and "meli", some people also use the word "tonsi"
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> to refer to non-binary people, genderqueer people or others who don't fit into
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> either "man" or "woman". See [extra page 1](x1.html) for more information.
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## Exercises
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Now, try to figure out the meaning of these sentences.
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* meli mi li pona.
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* mije sina li suli.
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* mama mije mi li wawa.
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* soweli ale li pona.
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* kili li moku suli.
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And try to translate the following sentences into toki pona.
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* My wife is adorable.
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* All warriors are bad.
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* My friends are your friends.
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* Your son is strong.
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* The small fruit is sweet.
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[Answers](answers.html#p2)
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[Previous page](1.html) [Top page](index.html) [Next page](3.html)
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