diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 5b44e1a..286088d 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,3 +1,7 @@ -# Simple site template +# rnd's website source code -An attempt to use makefiles, markdown and a bit of bash to make a simple static website and easily upload it to neocities. +This is the source code to rnd's website at . + +Included are all the files and scripts used to build it, with the exception of +the `upload.pwd` file containing the account password and possibly some files +containing other identifying information. diff --git a/pages/tokipona/0.md b/pages/tokipona/0.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a46b154 --- /dev/null +++ b/pages/tokipona/0.md @@ -0,0 +1,52 @@ +% toki pona page 0 - introduction +% /dev/urandom +% march 2020 + +# About toki pona + +This is the first (or 0th, in this case) in a series of pages about the *toki +pona*, a constructed language originally designed in 2001 and then gradually +revised over the years by Sonja Lang. + +The language is designed around the ideas of minimalist design and simplifying +one's thoughts, with complicated ideas being broken into their basic components. +As a result, the language is considered to be incredibly easy to learn, with +some people claiming to be able to read it after only days and achieving fluency +within a week or two. + +With an official vocabulary of around 120 words (plus some new additional +words created in the community), a simple grammar and an easy-to-learn phonology, +learning toki pona is, in fact, a relatively simple challenge, even compared to +other simplified constructed languages, such as Esperanto. + +However, with that simplicity also come limitations. Many words have multiple +meanings, and a lot of phrases or sentences are ambiguous without context. +Expressing many concepts and ideas in toki pona will require one to come up with +their own phrases or rephrase them completely (which, as mentioned before, is +part of the language's idea). + +The language is also designed to be easy to use regardless of one's native +language. The sounds and syllable structure used in toki pona are distinct from +one another and common across many languages, whereas the vocabulary features +words borrowed from many languages across the world. + +# About this course + +There are several good sources to educate yourself about toki pona available +already. The most important (and best, in my opinion), is the [official toki +pona book](https://tokipona.org/) (also known as "pu") published in 2014 by +Sonja Lang herself. It is not free, but it's a well-written book with lots of +additional texts to read and it explains the language very well. + +Another useful resource is the online course ["o kama sona e toki +pona!"](http://tokipona.net/tp/janpije/okamasona.php) (learn +toki pona!) by Bryant Knight (aka "jan Pije"). It has some differences in how it +uses certain words, and the past versions of the course have attracted some +controversy, but it's also a well-made course. + +My goal here is to try and present a version that tries to account for the +different ways people speak and write toki pona and the way it is being used +now. My personal style is mostly based on "pu", but with slight adjustments, but +other styles will be covered as well. + +[Next page](1.html) diff --git a/pages/tokipona/1.md b/pages/tokipona/1.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6b713dc --- /dev/null +++ b/pages/tokipona/1.md @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +% toki pona page 1 - spelling and pronunciation +% /dev/urandom +% march 2020 + +The language *toki pona* only uses 14 letters of the Latin alphabet, and all of +these letters have consistent pronunciations. + +These are: a,e,i,j,k,l,m,n,o,p,s,t,u,w. + +You might have noticed that all these letters are lowercase. This is because all +toki pona words are spelled in lowercase, even at the start of sentences. + +The consonants use the same sounds as those in English, with the exception of +"j", which instead sounds like the English "y". + +The vowels are a bit more complicated (or more simple, depending on your view). +Unlike English, every vowel uses the same sound in all words. If you know how +to pronounce the vowel sounds in Spanish, Japanese or Esperanto, then you can +pronounce them the same way in toki pona. + +For examples of English words with corresponding pronunciations: + +* **a** sounds like the "u" in the word "up" or (in some variants of English) + the "a" in "bath". + +* **e** sounds like the "e" in the word "bet". + +* **i** sounds like the "i" in the word "win". + +* **o** sounds like the "o" in the word "long". + +* **u** sounds like the "oo" in "oops" or "moon". + +Since there are so few sounds, different speakers may pronounce it with some +differences. For example, some might substitute the sounds "p,t,k" with "b,d,g". + +All toki pona words are pronounced with stress on their first syllable. + +## Exercises + +Here are some toki pona words that are derived from, or sound similar to, other +English words: + +| toki pona | sounds similar to | +|-----------|-------------------| +| jaki | yucky | +| jelo | yellow | +| ken | can | +| mani | money | +| mi | me | +| mun | moon | +| tu | two | +| wan | one | + +[Previous page](0.html) [Next page](2.html) diff --git a/pages/tokipona/2.md b/pages/tokipona/2.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0d55951 --- /dev/null +++ b/pages/tokipona/2.md @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +% toki pona page 2 - basic sentences +% /dev/urandom +% march 2020 + +The vocabulary for this page: + +| word | meaning | derived from | +|-------|---------------------------------|------------------------------| +| mi | i, me, us | Esperanto "mi" (I, me) | +| sina | you | Finnish "sinä" (you) | +| ona | he, she, they, it | Serbo-Croatian "ona" (she) | +| li | (between subj. and verb/adj.) | Esperanto "li" (he) | +| pona | good, simple, to improve, to fix| Esperanto "bona" (good) | +| ike | bad, evil, complex, unnecessary | Finnish "ilkeä" (bad) | +| suli | big, great, important | Finnish "suuri" (big, great) | +| lili | small, short, few, young | Tok Pisin "liklik" (small) | +| kili | fruit, vegetable, mushroom | Georgian "xili" (fruit) | +| soweli| land mammal, animal | Georgian "cxoveli" (beastly animal)| + +Let's start with the most basic sentence structure in toki pona: + +> [noun] li [noun / adjective]. + +In English, this would mean: + +> [Noun] is (a) [noun]. + +or + +> [Noun] is [adjective]. + +For example: + +> ona li suli. - (He/she/it/they) is (big/great/important). + +As you can see, a single word can have multiple related meanings. In practical +usage, both "ona" and "suli" will be more clear based on context. + +> kili li pona. - (Fruit/vegetable/mushroom)(s) (is/are) good. + +And in this case, it doesn't make a lot of sense to use any meaning of "pona" +other than "good". + +There is one exception to the rule. If the subject is "mi" or "sina", then it is +not necessary to add the word "li". So, instead of + +> sina li suli. - You are important. + +it's + +> sina suli. - You are important. + +## Exercises + +Now, how would you express the following ideas? + +* Animals are important. +* He is little. +* I am great. +* It is a dog. +* You are bad. + +Reveal answers + +> %spoiler% +> * soweli li suli. +> * ona li lili. +> * mi suli. +> * ona li soweli. +> * sina ike. + +[Next page](3.html) [Previous page](1.html) diff --git a/pages/tokipona/3.md b/pages/tokipona/3.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..08f8442 --- /dev/null +++ b/pages/tokipona/3.md @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ +% toki pona page 3 - adjectives +% /dev/urandom +% march 2020 + +The vocabulary for this page: + +| word | meaning | derived from | +|---------|---------------------------------|-------------------------------| +| ala | no, not, zero | Georgian "ara" (no) | +| ale/ali | all, everything, universe | Dutch "alle" (all) | +| utala | fight, battle, challenge | Serbo-Croatian "udarati" (hit)| +| wawa | strong, powerful | Finnish "vahva" (strong) | +| suwi | sweet, cute, adorable | Tok Pisin "suwi" (sweet) | +| jan | person, people, humanity | Cantonese "jan" (person) | +| mama | parent, ancestor, creator | Georgian "mama" (father) | +| meli | woman, female, feminine, wife | Tok Pisin "meri" (woman, wife)| +| mije | man, male, masculine | Finnish "mies" (man, husband) | +| moku | food, to eat | Japanese "mogumogu" (munching)| + +To define subjects and adjectives more clearly, you can add extra words as +adjectives. In toki pona, an adjective that modifies a noun stands after the +noun in question. This is unlike English, where adjectives go before nouns. So, +for example: + +> jan wawa - strong person + +Many of the nouns covered before can also function as adjectives. For example, +the pronouns "mi", "sina" and "ona" can serve as possessives. + +> mama mi - my parent + +Of note is the phrase "jan pona", which literally means "good person", but is +widely (and officially) accepted to also mean "friend". + +Here are some example sentences that demonstrate this: + +> mama mi li pona. - My parents are good. + +> kili suwi li moku pona. - Sweet fruits are good food. + +> jan utala li wawa. - The warrior ("fighting person") is strong. + +> jan lili mi li suwi. - My children ("young people") are cute. + +> soweli lili li wawa ala. - Little animals are not strong. + +> %warning% +> It is worth noting that the particle "li" is only removed if the subject is +> just the word "mi" or "sina". If it has any adjectives added to it, then the +> particle is used. + +## Exercises + +Now, try to figure out the meaning of these sentences. + +* meli mi li pona. +* mije sina li suli. +* mama mije mi li wawa. +* soweli ale li pona. +* kili li moku suli. + +And try to translate the following sentences into toki pona. + +* My wife is adorable. +* All warriors are bad. +* My friends are your friends. +* Your son is strong. +* The small fruit is sweet. + +Reveal answers + +> %spoiler% +> * My wife is good. +> * Your husband is (big/important). +> * My dad is strong. +> * All animals are good. +> * Fruits are important food. + +> %spoiler% +> * meli mi li suwi. +> * jan utala ale li ike. +> * jan pona mi li jan pona sina. +> * jan lili mije sina li wawa. +> * kili lili li suwi. + +[Next page](4.html) [Previous page](2.html) diff --git a/pages/tokipona/4.md b/pages/tokipona/4.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b405f77 --- /dev/null +++ b/pages/tokipona/4.md @@ -0,0 +1,98 @@ +% toki pona page 4 - verbs and objects +% /dev/urandom +% march 2020 + +The vocabulary for this page: + +| word | meaning | derived from | +|-------|----------------------------------|-----------------------------------| +| e | (specifies an object) | unknown origin | +| ijo | thing, object | Esperanto "io" (something) | +| ilo | tool, machine, device | Esperanto "ilo" (tool) | +| lipu | book, document, paper | Finnish "lippu" (flag, banner) | +| lukin | eye, to look, to see, to seek to | Tok Pisin "lukim" (see, look at) | +| olin | love, compassion, affection | Serbo-Croatian "volim" (I love) | +| pali | to do, to work, to make, labor | Esperanto "fari" (do, make) | +| pana | to give, to send, to emit | Finnish "panna" (put, set, place) | +| telo | water, fluid, to water, to clean | Acadian French "de l'eau" (water) | +| tomo | home, room, structure | Esperanto "domo" (house) | + +To add a verb to the sentence, use the following structure: + +> [noun] li [verb] + +For example, + +> mije li pali. - A man is working. / A man works. + +Both the noun and the verb can have adjectives added after it. + +> jan wawa li pali pona. - A strong person is working well. + +> %info% +> Verbs don't have any tense information in them. A way to specify time will be +explained in a later page. + +To add an object -- the thing that the verb applies to -- use the particle "e" +for a following structure: + +> [subject] li [verb] e [object] + +> jan wawa li pali e tomo. - A strong person is (building/working on) a house. + +Objects can also have adjectives added to them. + +> jan pali li pana e moku pona. - A worker gives out good food. + +Here are some sentences: + +> jan pona mi li pona e ilo lukin. - My friend is (improving/fixing) a looking +> instrument (glasses, binoculars, microscope, etc.). + +> mi telo e moku. - I clean the food. + +> mi olin e meli mi. - I love my wife. + +Since the word "lukin" itself describes the act of seeing someone, rather than +their appearance, complimenting someone on the latter would usually be expressed +as: + +> sina pona lukin. - You look good (are "good visually"). + +## Exercises + +Now, try to figure out the meaning of these sentences. + +* jan lili li pana e telo lukin. +* ona li lukin e lipu. +* soweli ike li utala e meli. +* jan utala li moku e kili suli. +* soweli lili li moku e telo. +* mi telo e ijo suli. + +And try to translate the following sentences into toki pona. + +* She loves every person. +* The bathroom (house of water) is good. +* I hand out documents. +* An evil warrior is looking at your house. +* My instrument is working well. + +Reveal answers + +> %spoiler% +> * A child is crying (emitting eye water). +> * (He/she/they) look at a document. +> * The bad animal is attacking a woman. +> * The warrior is eating a big (fruit/vegetable/mushroom). +> * Little animals are drinking water. +> * I am (watering/cleaning) something big. + +> %spoiler% +> * ona li olin e jan ale. +> * tomo telo li pona. +> * mi pana e lipu. +> * jan utala ike li lukin e tomo sina. +> * ilo mi li pali pona. + +[Next page](5.html) [Previous page](3.html) diff --git a/pages/tokipona/5.md b/pages/tokipona/5.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..33d21d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/pages/tokipona/5.md @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ +% toki pona page 5 - oh no! more vocabulary +% /dev/urandom +% march 2020 + +The vocabulary for this page: + +| word | meaning | derived from | +|---------|----------------------------------|--------------------------------| +| jo | to have/carry/contain/hold | Mandarin "yǒu" (have) | +| kala | fish, marine animal, sea creature| Finnish "kala" (fish) | +| kasi | plant, grass, herb, leaf | Finnish "kasvi" (plant) | +| pipi | insect, bug | Acadian French "bibitte" (bug) | +| sitelen | symbol, image, writing, to draw | Dutch "schilderen" (paint) | +| toki | speech, to talk, language | Tok Pisin "tok" (talk) | +| waso | bird, flying creature | French "oiseau" (bird) | +| ma | earth, land, outdoors, territory | Finnish "maa" (earth/land) | +| kiwen | hard object, metal, stone, solid | Finnish "kiven" (of a stone) | +| ko | powder, clay, semi-solid | Cantonese "gou" (cream/paste) | + +This page will only cover the ten new words and a few small concepts. + +> jan pali li telo e kasi. - The worker is watering the plants. + +> jan wawa li jo e kiwen suli. - The strong person is carrying big rocks. + +> telo suli li jo e kala. - The sea/ocean (big water) has fish. + +> mi sitelen e toki sina. - I'm writing down your speech. + +> waso lili li moku e pipi. - The small bird eats bugs. + +> ma tomo mi li suli. - My city ("housed land") is big. + +And here's some sentences that use interesting phrases. + +> jan pali li toki utala e tomo mi. - The worker criticizes ("talks in a +> fighting way about") my house. + +> ona li toki ike e jan pona mi. - They (insult / speak bad things about) my +> friend(s). + +Okay, I will explain one more concept. You can put several verbs and several +objects into one sentence by adding extra particles "li" or "e" followed by +their verbs or objects. + +> meli li toki e soweli, e waso. - A woman is talking about land animals and +> birds. + +> jan pali li pona e ilo, li lukin e lipu. - A worker fixes the device and looks +> at (reads) a document. + +## Dialectal differences + +> %info% +> This part of the document describes how certain toki pona courses differ in +> explaining certain ideas. + +If the subject is "mi" or "sina" (and therefore it doesn't have a particle +"li"), you can do one of two things to add an extra verb. + +* The official book ("pu") suggests that you simply duplicate the sentence: + +> mi pali. mi moku. - I work and eat. + +* The "o kama sona e toki pona!" course instead suggests you add a second "li": + +> mi pali, li moku. - I work and eat. + +## Exercises + +Now, try to figure out the meaning of these sentences. + +* mi moku ala e soweli. +* jan pona sina li toki e ma, e telo. +* jan suli li lukin a ma tomo, li sitelen e ijo. +* ma li jo e kasi ike. +* pipi lili li suli, li pona. + +And try to translate the following sentences into toki pona. + +* Your city doesn't have any workers. +* My husband doesn't work, (only) eats and fights. +* +* +* My friend has fish and fruit and makes good food. + +Reveal answers + +> %spoiler% +> * I don't eat animals (i.e. meat). +> * Your friend is talking about the land and the water. +> * An important person is looking at the city and writing things down. +> * The land has weeds ("bad plants"). +> * Small bugs are important and good. + +> %spoiler% +> * ma tomo sina li jo ala e jan pali. +> * mije ma li pali ala, li moku, li utala. +> * +> * +> * jan pona mi li jo e kala e kili li pali e moku pona. + +[Next page](6.html) [Previous page](4.html) + diff --git a/pages/tokipona/6.md b/pages/tokipona/6.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..114c7c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/pages/tokipona/6.md @@ -0,0 +1,99 @@ +% toki pona page 6 - this and that +% /dev/urandom +% march 2020 + +The vocabulary for this page: + +| word | meaning | derived from | +|---------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------| +| ante | different, changed, to change | Dutch "ander" (other, different) | +| awen | keep, stay, endure, protect | Dutch "houden" (keep, care for) | +| en | and (combines subjects) | Dutch "en" (and) | +| kalama | sound, noise, to read/make sound| Serbo-Croatian "galama" (noise) | +| kulupu | group, community, society | Tongan "kulupu" (from "group") | +| lape | sleep, rest | Dutch "slapen" (sleep) | +| mute | many, more, quantity | Esperanto "multe" (a lot) | +| ni | this, that | Cantonese "ni" (this) | +| pakala | break, mistake, (generic curse) | Tok Pisin "bagarap" (accident) | +| seli | heat, warmth, chemical reaction | Georgian "cxeli" (hot) | + +Before we discover a whole new type of words and new grammar, let's fill in some +blanks. + +The word "en" lets one combine several subjects in one sentence: + +> mi en sina li moku. -- Me and you are eating. + +Note that it is _not_ used to combine several verbs or objects. + +The word "mute" allows to specify whether the subject (or object) is singular or +plural. + +> jan utala mute -- many warriors + +> mi mute -- we, us + +Here are some example sentences: + +> jan lili mute li lape. -- The children are sleeping. + +> kulupu ni li pona mute. -- This community is very good. + +> kiwen suli li pakala e tomo lipu. -- A big rock damaged the library ("house of +> books"). + +> mi pakala lili. -- I made a little mistake. + +> ilo sina li kalama mute ike. -- Your instrument is making lots of bad noise. + +The word "ni" is also used to create more complex sentences. + +> jan lili toki e ni: sina pona. -- The child said that you're good. + +## Dialectal differences + +> %info% +> This part of the document describes how certain toki pona courses differ in +> explaining certain ideas. + +There doesn't seem to be an agreement whether or not "en" can be used within +phrases that use the particle "pi" (will be explained later). In addition, Sonja +Lang herself said that using "en" to combine several objects is "not completely +wrong", but rather stylistically inelegant. + +## Exercises + +Now, try to figure out the meaning of these sentences. + +* mi moku ala e soweli. +* jan pona sina li toki e ma e telo. +* mi pali e tomo ni. +* jan utala pona mute li awen e kulupu ni. +* + +And try to translate the following sentences into toki pona. + +* Your city doesn't have any workers. +* +* +* +* + +Reveal answers + +> %spoiler% +> * I don't eat animals (i.e. meat). +> * Your friend is talking about the land and the water. +> * I built this house. +> * The good warriors will protect this community. +> * + +> %spoiler% +> * ma tomo sina li jo ala e jan pali. +> * +> * +> * +> * + +[Next page](7.html) [Previous page](5.html) + diff --git a/pages/tokipona/7.md b/pages/tokipona/7.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3d14999 --- /dev/null +++ b/pages/tokipona/7.md @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ +% toki pona page 7 - prepositions and locations +% /dev/urandom +% march 2020 + +The vocabulary for this page will be divided into two groups. Prepositions: + +| word | meaning | derived from | +|---------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------| +| kepeken | to use, using, with the help of | Dutch "gebruiken" (to use) | +| lon | in, at, on, true, present, exist| Tok Pisin "long" (at, in, on) | +| sama | same as, similar, like, sibling | Esperanto/Finnish "sama" (same) | +| tan | from, because of, cause, reason | Cantonese "tsung" (from) | +| tawa | to, for, moving, from persp. of | English "towards" | + +And regular words (which in this case all relate to locations): + +| word | meaning | derived from | +|---------|---------------------------------|----------------------------------| +| sewi | up, above, sky, divine, sacred | Georgian "zevit" (upwards) | +| noka | foot, leg, bottom, under | Serbo-Croatian "noga" (foot/leg) | +| poka | hip, side, next to, nearby | Serbo-Croatian "boka" (of side) | +| monsi | back, behind, rear | Acadian French "mon tchu" | +| sinpin | face, foremost, front, wall | Cantonese "tsin bin" (in front) | + +Prepositions are words that are attacked to other parts of the sentence in order +to express a place or time (more on that in the future) or a specific detail +about the action. + +In toki pona, the words "kepeken", "lon", "sama", "tan" and "tawa" can be +prepositions -- in which case they're added at the end of the sentence without +any extra particles -- or as regular words with related meanings. + +Here are some examples of all five of these words, both as prepositions and as +regular words: + +> mi pona e tomo kepeken ilo mi. -- I am repairing the house using my tools. + +> mi toki kepeken toki pona. -- I speak in toki pona. + +> sina kepeken e ilo sitelen. -- You are using a writing/drawing tool (pen, +> pencil, brush). + +> mi lon tomo sina. -- I am in your house. + +> jan ike li kalama mute lon tomo lipu. -- A bad person is being very noisy +> in the library. + +> ona toki e ijo lon. -- He/she/they speak the truth ("talk about things that +> exist"). + +> mi en sina li sama. -- You and I are similar. + +> meli sama mi li pona. -- My sister is good. + +> kiwen lili li sama lukin pipi. -- The pebble ("small rock") looks like a bug. + +> mi lape tan ni: mi jo ala e wawa. -- I sleep, because i don't have any energy. + +> mi tawa tan tomo mi. -- I am leaving my house. + +> tomo tawa mi li pona. -- My car ("moving house/structure") is good. + +> mi tawa lon tomo moku. -- I am going to the restaurant ("house of food"). + +The word "tawa" can also express perspective. + +> sina li pona tawa mi. -- I like you. ("You are good for me.") + +And here are some examples of the location words: + +> waso mute li lon sewi. -- Many birds are in the sky. + +> mi toki tawa jan sewi. -- I speak to a (deity/angel/someone divine/man in the +> sky). + + +## Dialectal differences + +> %info% +> This part of the document describes how certain toki pona courses differ in +> explaining certain ideas. + +The official book uses "lon" with a wider meaning, also including "with". For +example, "I speak in toki pona" is translated as "mi toki lon toki pona". This +does not seem to be a common usage of the word. + +## Exercises + +Now, try to figure out the meaning of these sentences. + +* mi moku ala e soweli. +* jan pona sina li toki e ma e telo. +* mi pali e tomo ni. +* jan utala pona mute li awen e kulupu ni. +* + +And try to translate the following sentences into toki pona. + +* Your city doesn't have any workers. +* +* +* +* + +Reveal answers + +> %spoiler% +> * I don't eat animals (i.e. meat). +> * Your friend is talking about the land and the water. +> * I built this house. +> * The good warriors will protect this community. +> * + +> %spoiler% +> * ma tomo sina li jo ala e jan pali. +> * +> * +> * +> * + +[Next page](7.html) [Previous page](5.html) + diff --git a/vocab.txt b/vocab.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d839cce --- /dev/null +++ b/vocab.txt @@ -0,0 +1,123 @@ + +| word | page | +|----------|---------| +| a/kin | | +| akesi | | +| ala | 3 | +| alasa | | +| ale/ali | 3 | +| anpa | | +| ante | 6 | +| anu | | +| awen | 6 | +| e | 4 | +| en | 6 | +| esun | | +| ijo | 4 | +| ike | 2 | +| ilo | 4 | +| insa | | +| jaki | | +| jan | 3 | +| jelo | | +| jo | 5 | +| kala | 5 | +| kalama | 6 | +| kama | | +| kasi | 5 | +| ken | | +| kepeken | 7 | +| kili | 2 | +| kiwen | 5 | +| ko | 5 | +| kon | | +| kule | | +| kulupu | 6 | +| kute | | +| la | | +| lape | 6 | +| laso | | +| lawa | | +| len | | +| lete | | +| li | 2 | +| lili | 2 | +| linja | | +| lipu | 4 | +| loje | | +| lon | 7 | +| luka | | +| lukin | 4 | +| lupa | | +| ma | 5 | +| mama | 3 | +| mani | | +| meli | 3 | +| mi | 2 | +| mije | 3 | +| moku | 3 | +| moli | | +| monsi | 7 | +| mu | | +| mun | 6 | +| musi | | +| mute | 6 | +| nanpa | | +| nasa | | +| nasin | | +| nena | | +| ni | 6 | +| nimi | | +| noka | 7 | +| o | | +| olin | 4 | +| ona | 2 | +| open | | +| pakala | 6 | +| pali | 4 | +| palisa | | +| pan | | +| pana | 4 | +| pi | | +| pilin | | +| pimeja | | +| pini | | +| pipi | 5 | +| poka | 7 | +| poki | | +| pona | 2 | +| pu | | +| sama | 7 | +| seli | 6 | +| selo | | +| seme | | +| sewi | 7 | +| sijelo | | +| sike | | +| sin | | +| sina | 2 | +| sinpin | 7 | +| sitelen | 5 | +| sona | | +| soweli | 2 | +| suli | 2 | +| suno | | +| supa | | +| suwi | 3 | +| tan | 7 | +| taso | | +| tawa | 7 | +| telo | 4 | +| tenpo | | +| toki | 5 | +| tomo | 4 | +| tu | | +| unpa | | +| uta | | +| utala | 3 | +| walo | | +| wan | | +| waso | 5 | +| wawa | 3 | +| weka | | +| wile | |