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work on 6,7,8,9,10
This commit is contained in:
/dev/urandom
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7 changed files with 215 additions and 37 deletions
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.gitignore
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upload.pwd
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upload.lasttime
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out/
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105
pages/tokipona/10.md
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pages/tokipona/10.md
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% toki pona page 10 - pi and la
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% /dev/urandom
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% march 2020
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The vocabulary for this page:
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| word | meaning | derived from |
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|-------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|
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| pi | "of" (groups adjectives) | Tok Pisin "bilong" (of) |
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| la | "if/when" (introduces context) | Esperanto "la" (definite article)|
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| luka | hand, arm | Serbo-Croatian "ruka" (arm) |
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| linja | long flexible object, hair | Finnish "linja" (line) |
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| palisa| long solid object, branch, stick | Serbo-Croatian "palica" (rod) |
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| selo | outer form, shell, skin, boundary| Esperanto "ŝelo" (skin) |
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| sijelo| body, physical state, torso | Serbo-Croatian "tijelo" (body) |
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| len | cloth, clothes, layer of privacy | Acadian French "linge" (clothing)|
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| lete | cold, raw | Acadian French "frette" (cold) |
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| musi | entertaining, artistic, fun, game| Esperanto "amuzi" (have fun) |
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Time to introduce two another particles in this language: "pi" and "la".
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## pi
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The word "pi" works by grouping several adjectives together. Normally, all
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adjectives in a phrase apply to the first word.
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For example:
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> jan wawa -- strong person
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> jan wawa ala -- no strong people
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If you need to say "weak people", you need to negate "wawa", but not "jan".
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That's where "pi" comes in handy:
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> jan pi wawa ala -- weak person/people ("of no strength")
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It is also useful for phrases that use unofficial words.
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> ma tomo Wasintan li ma tomo lawa pi ma Mewika. -- (the city of) Washington is
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> the capital ("main city") of the United States.
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## la
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The word "la" allows to combine two sentences to form conditions and introduce
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context.
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> [sentence A] la [sentence B].
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This translates to something like:
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> If [sentence A], then [sentence B].
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## Dialectal differences
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> %info%
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> This part of the document describes how certain toki pona courses differ in
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> explaining certain ideas.
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The official book, the "o kama sona e toki pona!" course and my personal style
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differ on how to place punctuation in sentences that use "la".
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The official book sometimes uses a comma before "la" and sometimes uses no
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punctuation.
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The online course doesn't use any punctuation.
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I personally prefer using the comma after "la".
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## Exercises
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Now, try to figure out the meaning of these sentences.
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*
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*
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*
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*
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*
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And try to translate the following sentences into toki pona.
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*
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*
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*
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*
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*
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<a name="answers" href="#answers" onclick="revealSpoilers();">Reveal answers</a>
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> %spoiler%
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> *
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> *
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> *
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> *
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> *
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> %spoiler%
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> *
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> *
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> *
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> *
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> *
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[Next page](11.html) [Previous page](9.html)
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@ -66,32 +66,32 @@ wrong", but rather stylistically inelegant.
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Now, try to figure out the meaning of these sentences.
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Now, try to figure out the meaning of these sentences.
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* kulupu sina li ante mute.
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* kulupu sina li ante mute.
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*
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* jan ike li pakala e ilo mi.
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* mi pali e tomo ni.
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* mi pali e tomo ni.
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* jan utala pona mute li awen e kulupu ni.
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* jan utala pona mute li awen e kulupu ni.
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* kulupu suli li awen li suli e ona.
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* kulupu suli li awen, li suli e ona.
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And try to translate the following sentences into toki pona.
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And try to translate the following sentences into toki pona.
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*
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* Warm food is very good.
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*
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* Sleeping children don't make noises.
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*
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* The workers said that they are strong and tough.
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*
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*
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*
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*
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<a name="answers" href="#answers" onclick="revealSpoilers();">Reveal answers</a>
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<a name="answers" href="#answers" onclick="revealSpoilers();">Reveal answers</a>
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> %spoiler%
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> %spoiler%
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> * Your community is very different.
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> * Your community is very different.
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> *
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> * A bad person broke my tools.
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> * I built this house.
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> * I built this house.
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> * The good warriors protect this community.
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> * The good warriors protect this community.
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> * The large community endures and grows itself.
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> * The large community endures and grows itself.
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> %spoiler%
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> %spoiler%
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> *
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> * moku seli li pona mute.
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> *
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> * jan lili lape li kalama ala.
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> *
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> * jan pali mute li toki e ni: ona li wawa, li kiwen.
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> *
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> *
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> *
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> *
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@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ does not seem to be a common usage of the word.
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Other courses also use "anpa" instead of "noka" to mean "below" (using "noka"
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Other courses also use "anpa" instead of "noka" to mean "below" (using "noka"
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only to specifically mean "leg" or "foot".) The word "anpa" will be covered in
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only to specifically mean "leg" or "foot".) The word "anpa" will be covered in
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later pages.
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[page 8](8.html).
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## Exercises
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## Exercises
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@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ The vocabulary for this page:
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| word | meaning | derived from |
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| word | meaning | derived from |
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|-------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|
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|-------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|
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| kute | listen, hear, obey, ear | Acadian French "écouter" (listen)|
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| kute | listen, hear, obey, ear | Acadian French "écouter" (listen)|
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| open | start, begin, open, turn on | English "open" |
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| nimi | word, name | Finnish "nimi" (name) |
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| pini | end, finish, close, turn off | Tok Pisin "pinis" (perfective) |
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| lawa | head, control, own, rule, main | Serbo-Croatian "glava" (head) |
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| anpa | lowly, humble, to conquer/defeat | Acadian French "en bas" (below) |
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| anpa | lowly, humble, to conquer/defeat | Acadian French "en bas" (below) |
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| insa | inside, contents, center, stomach| Tok Pisin "insait" (inside) |
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| insa | inside, contents, center, stomach| Tok Pisin "insait" (inside) |
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@ -95,6 +95,10 @@ is always a noun or a noun phrase describing what is being referred to.
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> ma tomo Napoli -- (the city) Naples
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> ma tomo Napoli -- (the city) Naples
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Alternatively, the unofficial words can actually be used as adjectives:
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> jan Kanata -- a Canadian person
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Thanks to different people interpreting both the native names and toki pona's
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Thanks to different people interpreting both the native names and toki pona's
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sounds in different ways, there may ultimately be several different unofficial
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sounds in different ways, there may ultimately be several different unofficial
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names for the same city or country's name.
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names for the same city or country's name.
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@ -103,3 +107,50 @@ Also, people speaking toki pona are free to pick their own personal toki pona
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names, either by adapting the name from their native language or coming up with
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names, either by adapting the name from their native language or coming up with
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something new.
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something new.
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## Examples
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> o toki ala a! -- Shut up!
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> sina pali ala pali e ni? -- Did you do this?
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> mi jan San. mi lon ma Mewika. -- I am John. I live in the United States.
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> nimi sina li seme? -- What is your name?
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> jan lawa mi li ike mute. -- (My boss / our leader) is very bad.
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## Exercises
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Now, try to figure out the meaning of these sentences.
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*
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*
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*
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*
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*
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And try to translate the following sentences into toki pona.
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* I don't think gods exist.
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* Don't make noise in the library.
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*
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*
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*
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<a name="answers" href="#answers" onclick="revealSpoilers();">Reveal answers</a>
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> %spoiler%
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> *
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> *
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> *
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> *
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> *
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> %spoiler%
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> * mi toki insa e ni: jan sewi li lon ala.
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> * o kalama ala lon tomo lipu.
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> *
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> *
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> *
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[Next page](9.html) [Previous page](7.html)
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19
pages/tokipona/9.md
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19
pages/tokipona/9.md
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% toki pona page 9 - colorful language
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% /dev/urandom
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% march 2020
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The vocabulary for this page:
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| word | meaning | derived from |
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|-------|----------------------------------|----------------------------------|
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| kule | color, colorful | French "couleur" (color) |
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| jelo | yellow (and its shades) | English "yellow" |
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| laso | blue, green (and its shades) | Welsh "glas" (blue) |
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| loje | red (and its shades) | Dutch "rooie" (red) |
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| pimeja| black, dark | Finnish "pimeä" (dark) |
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| walo | white, bright | Finnish "valko-" (white) |
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| nasa | unusual, strange, crazy, drunk | Tok Pisin "nasau" (stupid) |
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| jaki | dirty, disgusting, toxic | English "yucky" |
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| moli | death, dying | Acadian French "mourir" (die) |
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| unpa | sexual (or marital) relations | onomatopoeia |
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48
vocab.txt
48
vocab.txt
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@ -17,9 +17,9 @@
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| ike | 2 |
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| ike | 2 |
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| ilo | 4 |
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| ilo | 4 |
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| insa | 8 |
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| insa | 8 |
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| jaki | |
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| jaki | 9 |
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| jan | 3 |
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| jan | 3 |
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| jelo | |
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| jelo | 9 |
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| jo | 5 |
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| jo | 5 |
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| kala | 5 |
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| kala | 5 |
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| kalama | 6 |
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| kalama | 6 |
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@ -31,22 +31,22 @@
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| kiwen | 5 |
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| kiwen | 5 |
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| ko | 5 |
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| ko | 5 |
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| kon | |
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| kon | |
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| kule | |
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| kule | 9 |
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| kulupu | 6 |
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| kulupu | 6 |
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| kute | 8 |
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| kute | 8 |
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| la | |
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| la | 10 |
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| lape | 6 |
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| lape | 6 |
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| laso | |
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| laso | 9 |
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| lawa | |
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| lawa | 8 |
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| len | |
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| len | 10 |
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| lete | |
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| lete | 10 |
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| li | 2 |
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| li | 2 |
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| lili | 2 |
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| lili | 2 |
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| linja | |
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| linja | 10 |
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| lipu | 4 |
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| lipu | 4 |
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| loje | |
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| loje | 9 |
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| lon | 7 |
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| lon | 7 |
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| luka | |
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| luka | 10 |
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| lukin | 4 |
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| lukin | 4 |
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| lupa | |
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| lupa | |
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| ma | 5 |
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| ma | 5 |
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@ -56,32 +56,32 @@
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| mi | 2 |
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| mi | 2 |
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| mije | 3 |
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| mije | 3 |
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| moku | 3 |
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| moku | 3 |
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| moli | |
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| moli | 9 |
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| monsi | 7 |
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| monsi | 7 |
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| mu | 8 |
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| mu | 8 |
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| mun | 6 |
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| mun | |
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| musi | |
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| musi | 10 |
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| mute | 6 |
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| mute | 6 |
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| nanpa | |
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| nanpa | |
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| nasa | |
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| nasa | 9 |
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| nasin | |
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| nasin | |
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| nena | |
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| nena | |
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| ni | 6 |
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| ni | 6 |
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| nimi | |
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| nimi | 8 |
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| noka | 7 |
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| noka | 7 |
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| o | 8 |
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| o | 8 |
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| olin | 4 |
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| olin | 4 |
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| ona | 2 |
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| ona | 2 |
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| open | 8 |
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| open | |
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| pakala | 6 |
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| pakala | 6 |
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| pali | 4 |
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| pali | 4 |
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| palisa | |
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| palisa | |
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| pan | |
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| pan | |
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| pana | 4 |
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| pana | 4 |
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| pi | |
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| pi | 10 |
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| pilin | |
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| pilin | |
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| pimeja | |
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| pimeja | 9 |
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| pini | 8 |
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| pini | |
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| pipi | 5 |
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| pipi | 5 |
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| poka | 7 |
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| poka | 7 |
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| poki | |
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| poki | |
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@ -89,10 +89,10 @@
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| pu | |
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| pu | |
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| sama | 7 |
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| sama | 7 |
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| seli | 6 |
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| seli | 6 |
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| selo | |
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| selo | 10 |
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| seme | 8 |
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| seme | 8 |
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| sewi | 7 |
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| sewi | 7 |
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| sijelo | |
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| sijelo | 10 |
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| sike | |
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| sike | |
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| sin | |
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| sin | |
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| sina | 2 |
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| sina | 2 |
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@ -112,10 +112,10 @@
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| toki | 5 |
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| toki | 5 |
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| tomo | 4 |
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| tomo | 4 |
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| tu | |
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| tu | |
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| unpa | |
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| unpa | 9 |
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| uta | |
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| uta | |
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| utala | 3 |
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| utala | 3 |
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| walo | |
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| walo | 9 |
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| wan | |
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| wan | |
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| waso | 5 |
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| waso | 5 |
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| wawa | 3 |
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| wawa | 3 |
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Loading…
Add table
Reference in a new issue